mass shooting definition

A. Leitzel, “‘Perversity, Futility, Jeopardy’: An Economic Analysis of the Attack on Gun Control,”, Cook, Philip J., and Jens Ludwig, “Defensive Gun Uses: New Evidence from a National Survey,”. Brady Campaign to Prevent Gun Violence, “About Brady,” webpage, undated. As of October 25, 2017: Hahn, Robert A., Oleg Bilukha, Alex Crosby, Mindy T. Fullilove, Akiva Liberman, Eve Moscicki, Susan Snyder, Farris Tuma, and Peter A. Briss, “Firearms Laws and the Reduction of Violence: A Systematic Review,”, Hamill, Mark E., Matthew C. Hernandez, Kent R. Bailey, Martin D. Zielinski, Miguel A. Matos, and Henry J. Schiller, “State Level Firearm Concealed-Carry Legislation and Rates of Homicide and Other Violent Crime,”, Hanlon, Thomas J., Catherine Barber, Deborah Azrael, and Matthew Miller, “Type of Firearm Used in Suicides: Findings from 13 States in the National Violent Death Reporting System, 2005–2015,”.

As of May 8, 2017: Federal Bureau of Investigation, “Active Records in the NICS Index,” April 30, 2017.

Piscopo, Kathryn, Rachel N. Lipari, Jennifer Cooney, and Christie Galsheen, Piza, E. L., J. M. Caplan, L. W. Kennedy, and A. M. Gilchrist, “The Effects of Merging Proactive CCTV Monitoring with Directed Police Patrol: A Randomized Controlled Trial,”, Plassmann, Florenz, and T. Nicolaus Tideman, “Does the Right to Carry Concealed Handguns Deter Countable Crimes?

The only mass shooting in South Korea was committed by Woo Bum-kon, leaving 56 dead. Mass shootings are extremely rare in Korea. [69] In relation, criminologist James Alan Fox contends that mass murderers are “enabled by social isolation” and typically experience “years of disappointment and failure that produce a mix of profound hopelessness and deep-seated resentment.”[70][71] Jillian Peterson, an assistant professor of criminology at Hamline University who is participating in the construction of a database on mass shooters, noted that two phenomena surface repeatedly in the statistics: hopelessness and a need for notoriety in life or in death. As of March 23, 2017: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, “Fatal Injury Reports, National, Regional, and State 1981–2015,” WISQARS database, Atlanta, Ga., 2017a. [94] Some politicians in the U.S. introduced legislation to reform the background check system for purchasing a gun. Is he? United States Code, Title 18, Section 930, Possession of Firearms and Dangerous Weapons in Federal Facilities. Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention. As of November 14, 2019: Hedegaard, Holly, Sally C. Curtin, and Margaret Warner, “Suicide Mortality in the United States, 1999–2017,” National Center for Health Statistics Data Brief, No. [50][51][52] According to Sky News, male perpetrators committed 110 out of 114 school shootings (96%) in the period 1982-2019,[53] compared to homicides in general in the United States, where 85.3% of homicides were committed by males. However, others have claimed that this narrow definition ignores a substantial proportion of gun-related violence from family- or felony-related murder (Fox and Levin, 2015). Mass shootings have occurred on the African continent, including the 1927 shooting in South Africa perpetrated by Stephanus Swart, the 2016 Grand Bassam attack in Côte d’Ivoire/Ivory Coast, and the 1994 Kampala wedding massacre in Kampala, Uganda. Slutkin, G., C. Ransford, and R. B. Decker, “Cure Violence: Treating Violence as a Contagious Disease,” in M. D. Maltz and S. K. Rice, Small Arms Survey, “Annexe 4. Ami Popper was convicted of murdering seven Palestinian men in a mass shooting carried out in 1990.

. [32] Backlash from economist and gun rights advocate John Lott also raised objections to Lankford's methodology and refusal to share his data. [59], Mass shootings can be motivated by religious extremism (e.g., Islamic extremism), political ideologies (e.g., neo-Nazism, terrorism), racism, sexual orientation, misogyny,[60] mental illness,[61][62] and extensive bullying,[63] among other reasons. United States Code, Title 26, Section 5801, Imposition of Tax.

[72] [25][26][27][28][29], In one 2017 study published in Time magazine by criminologist Adam Lankford, it was estimated that 31% of public mass shootings occur in the US, although it has only 5% of the world's population. World Health Organization, World Health Organization Mortality Database, Geneva, 2017. As of July 6, 2019: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, “Source of Firearms Used by Students in School-Associated Violent Deaths—United States, 1992–1999,”. Hemenway, David, and Sara J. Solnick, “The Epidemiology of Self-Defense Gun Use: Evidence from the National Crime Victimization Surveys 2007–2011,” Preventive Medicine, Vol. Ressler, Robert K., Ann W. Burgess, and John E. Douglas. Some inclusions are multiple deaths caused by an armed robbery. It does not capture incidents in which fewer than four victims were killed but additional victims were injured, and it does not include multiple-victim homicides in which fewer than four fatalities resulted from gunshots but additional fatalities occurred by other means. Puzzanchera, C., G. Chamberlin, and W. Kang, “Easy Access to the FBI’s Supplementary Homicide Reports: 1980–2016,” Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, 2018.

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