brain hypothesis psychology

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The first was around two million years ago, when the brain more than doubled, from around 450cc to 1,000cc by 1.8 million years ago. The Triune Brain. The Social Intelligence Hypothesis is that (1).The research program of social intelligence has mostly explored in comparative cognition research, comparing the cogntiive abilities of different animals. & Wheeler, P. (1995) The Expensive-Tissue Hypothesis: The Brain and the Digestive System in Human and Primate Evolution.Pusey, A. Lastly, the discovery of an organism that doesn’t at all act to stay within expected states (to maintain homeostasis) would be a wholesale falsification, though highly unlikely.Predictive processing provides a framework for understanding all areas of neuroscience and cognitive science at a computational level.

& Herrenschmidt, N. (eds).Aiello, L.C. It is directly related to social intelligence because we mainly use language to mediate our social relationships.So social intelligence was a critical factor in brain growth, social and cognitive complexity co-evolve.Professor Nicholas Humphrey points to a difference between intelligence and social intelligence. For a long time, the field was dominated by,first proposed that the adaptive value of intelligent behaviour in animals lies not just in technical domains such as tool use for extractive foraging (the so-called ".of different selective pressures would lead to the evolution of more "intelligent" behavior.which can be seen as related theories as to how social living would lead to greater intelligence.Humphreys posited a variety of different consequences of group living, such as:"mutual give and take", will also be adaptive for individuals.

Theories are particular assumptions about the way things are. In Anderson, J.R., Thierry, B. Friederici AD, Steinhauer K, Pfeifer E. Brain signatures of artificial language processing: Evidence challenging the critical period hypothesis.

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Theories are particular assumptions about the way things are. In.Predictive processing and the free energy principle can be falsified. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences . Of course, the brain doesn’t store all those samples; it just uses them to update its internal model of the world before it draws new samples from its current local environment.The human mind, by contrast, having only a finite number of samples, must rely on cognitive shortcuts (heuristics) to generate predictions.

Hypothesis testing first starts with theory.

Group size did not correlate with neocortex size in any of the analyses, suggesting that in ungalates other factors are a better index of social complexity.In odontocete species, relative total brain size also correlates with pod (group) size.Do ecological factors not effect brain evolution?Why does living in (larger) social groups lead to evolution in intelligent behavior?Deception, coalition-formation and social cognition amongst primates, the drivers of brain evolution?Dominance rank effects reproducitve performance in many taxa.social rank does not predict mating success as well, presumably because the larger neocortex of individuals allows lower ranking primates too use social methods such as deception to gain mates.In addition, reported deception rate in the primatology literature very strongly (r = 0.74) predicts neocortex ratio, when the reported rate of deception is controlled for the "research effort" on a particular species.The social intelligence hypothesis and hominin evolution.Dunbar, R.I.M. Over time, action and perception, associated with a practically infinite number of predictions, yield an effectively infinite number of samples from the unimaginably complex probability distributions that constitute reality. For example, you could operationalize affection as number of hugs and kisses and other related actions. Bateson & R.A> Hinde), pp.303-317. To do this, researchers test the null hypothesis. "The Social Brain": Brain Evolution and Group Size,The Relationship between neocortex size and group size in primates.It is assumed that the overall group size is a good index of social complexity and the extent to which primates may have a fitness advantage in enhancing their "social cognition" (through any of the mechanisms outlined in the introduction). Recently, Joseph Henrich of UBC has been promoting his cultural brain hypothesis.The goal is to explain a selection pressure behind the development of the human brain and general intelligence. social learning) are actually adaptive.Comparing relative neocortex size, to various social and ecological factors.

remembering the location of fruit trees), and indeed the hippocampus size has been found to vary with ranging area.The machiavellian intelligence hypothesis posits that individuals abilties to.Some have criticised the evidence that primates decieve others as purely "anecdotal" and as being anthromorphic projects on behavior. Primate brain evolution was first investigated, however the line of research has also been extended to other groups with mixed results. Here’s a schematic diagram of how this all works:The black circles in the diagram (at the prediction error sources) depict something I haven’t explained yet, namely,Expected precisions are formally equivalent to inverse variance and functionally equivalent to.After enough cycles of hypothesis testing and model updating during constant sensorimotor interaction with the world, you’ll find yourself at the other side of the street (if all goes well). So, the purpose of statistical testing is to test the truth of a theory or part of a theory. Similarly, chimpanzees are very adept at observation and and memorisation, sometimes better than humans, but may be regarded as less skilled in managing social and interpersonal relationships. In other words, it is a way to look at predictions to see if they are accurate. This means that there has to be a logical and direct association between the statistical probability statements and the theory in order for those statements to represent the overarching theory. Instead, it uses,Your brain runs an internal model of the causal order of world that continually creates predictions about what you expect to perceive.

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